Notes of a Case of Folie Ãâ Deux in Five Members of One Family

About

Discussion FAMILY FRAMEWORK OF GENERAL English language

What is the Word Family Framework (WFF)?  The WFF is a searchable resources for teachers and learners of English that consists of over 22,000 vocabulary items arranged according to six levels aligned to the Common European Framework of Reference.

What can the WFF be used for?  The WFF tin can be used by institutions, teachers and learners to construct target vocabularies for individual learning, syllabus and lesson planning, materials design and test preparation.  Information technology tin can be used for two different types of vocabulary choice:

'Vertical searches'

• identifying all the vocabulary items at ane CEFR level
• identifying all the items at several CEFR levels

'Horizontal searches'

• identifying the CEFR level of an individual word or group of words
• identifying the CEFR levels of all the members of a word family in order to determine which items may be worth learning
• identifying unknown members of word families in order to extend a learner's vocabulary

How can the WFF be searched?  The WFF can be searched in three main means:

ane  For horizontal searches to look for a item discussion or item, type the term y'all
are looking for in the search box:

So click the Start box:

two  For vertical searches to find all the items at i or more CEFR levels, tick () all the CEFR levels yous want:

Then click the Outset box:

iii  To download the complete WFF, click the Download box:

How does the WFF link to the Mutual European Framework (CEFR)? The CEFR includes statements most the vocabulary range of a learner at each of 6 levels, A1 to C2:

C2	Has a good command of a very broad lexical repertoire including idiomatic expressions and colloquialisms; shows awareness of connotative levels of pregnant.
C1	Has a expert command of a broad lexical repertoire allowing gaps to be readily overcome with circumlocutions; little obvious searching for expressions or avoidance strategies.  Good control of idiomatic expressions and colloquialisms.
B2	Has a good range of vocabulary for matters connected to his/her field and most general topics.  Tin can vary conception to avoid frequent repetition, but lexical gaps tin still cause hesitation and circumlocutions.
B1	Has a sufficient vocabulary to limited him/herself with some circumlocutions on most topics pertinent to his/her everyday life such every bit family, hobbies and interests, work, travel, and current events.
A2	Has sufficient vocabulary to conduct routine, everyday transactions involving familiar situations and topics.
	Has sufficient vocabulary for the expression of basic communicative needs. Has sufficient vocabulary for coping with simple survival needs.
A1	Has a basic vocabulary repertoire of isolated words and phrases related to particular concrete situations.
Source: Common European Framework of Reference for Languages:  Learning, education, cess, Council of Europe, Cambridge University Press, 2001, page 112

The CEFR's descriptors make quantitative statements near the learner's vocabulary repertoire at each level, merely cease curt of stating how large this repertoire might exist at each level or which vocabulary items would be advisable for each level.  However, the CEFR invites users of the Framework to 'consider and where appropriate country:

• which lexical elements (fixed expressions and single discussion forms) the learner will need/exist equipped/ be required to recognise and/or use;
• how they are selected and ordered.'

It is just this selection and ordering of lexical elements that the WFF offers to users.

How large is the WFF?  The WFF includes more than than 22,000 words and vocabulary items.  It starts with a listing of some 6000 of the almost common and useful headwords , arranged alphabetically for easy access.   Most headwords provide the starting point for a discussion family , which includes the cognates, derivatives and compounds which make up the family.  All family members are then presented across a number of levels, so that the relative value of each item may exist rapidly determined.  The approximate numbers of headwords and the vocabulary items generated can be seen in this table:

CEFR level	A1	A2	B1	B2	C1	C2	10
no. of new headwords	1200	900	1100	800	1000	yard	0
cumulative headword total	1200	2100	3200	4000	5000	6000	6000
no.  of new vocabulary items	1750	1850	2750	1900	2500	3100	8300
cumulative total of vocabulary items	1750	3600	6350	8250	10750	13850	22150

How were the words in the WFF called? The vocabulary items presented in the WFF accept been chosen from a survey of a large number of published sources and wordlists produced in the Uk, Us, Germany, Europe and China.  These lists vary in size and role, and the items in the lists were selected according to differing criteria.  The research that preceded the development of the WFF therefore began by surveying these lists in detail to identify the levels of agreement between these unlike sources.  In this way, the WFF presents a consensus of views about the level of each vocabulary detail.

How does the WFF differ from dictionaries and wordlists? Traditionally, dictionaries and wordlists present lexical items in alphabetical society.  The WFF, even so, presents words in word families.   Each family may include items that depart from strict alphabetical society.  So, for example, the family value includes words such equally devalue, evaluate and invaluable , which would exist widely separated from value, valuable and valueless in a conventional dictionary or list.  They are presented together here considering it is widely believed that seeing words as members of a family rather than in isolation promotes constructive vocabulary learning:

headword	A1	A2	B1	B2	C1	C2	X
value	value nCU	value nU	valuable adj	value vT	valuation nCU invaluable adj		valued adj cheapen vIT
			evaluate vT				evaluative adj

What is cavalcade Ten and how do I use it? As can be seen hither, in addition to the six levels aligned to the CEFR, the WFF includes a column X.  This column includes extra  members of word families which are either a) off the A1-C2 scale or b) non included in the main scale considering in that location is insufficient data in the research data.  It presents items of diverse kinds:

10	Family members that fall outside the common cadre of the nearly frequent English words but which may be useful to learners and which should bear witness relatively easy to larn because they are related to core member of the family.  Items in column X   typically include: many adverbs and negatives stock-still expressions phrasal verbs compounds idiomatic phrases
Note:  Cavalcade X does not include vocabulary items that belong to whatsoever word family unit not already included in A1-C2.

Learners and teachers may select from column X the items which they detect useful and like shooting fish in a barrel to learn or teach.  In this way, the WFF allows users not simply to select vocabulary at a particular level (vertical searching), but also to await across levels at items inside the same family (horizontal searching).

What does the WFF not include? The WFF includes a wide range of over 22,000 items of English language vocabulary.  Information technology covers both British and American English, with variant spellings (honour/honor) and variant terms (lift/lift).  However, it is a framework of full general English and then it does not include vocabulary items from bookish, business concern, scientific or technical English.  Neither does it include dialect or obsolete words plant exterior the mutual core of British or American English language.

Tin I adjust the WFF to my own context? It is recognized that the WFF may not be fully appropriate for all learners or all learning situations.  For this reason, the WFF will comprise an interactive dimension, and users are invited to hash out their views and the ways they employ the WFF with the British Council and other users in the WFF discussion forum (click for access).  Our intention is that this discussion volition lead to the introduction of a facility which will enable users to download and adapt the WWF to their detail local contexts.

The WFF was adult for the British Council by Richard West, who would like to admit the contributions made by Dr Wendy Scarlin and Mrs Judy Hermitte.

ABBREVIATIONS
abbrev	abbreviation
adj	adjective
adv	adverb
Am	American
Aust	Australian
Brit	British
C	countable (noun)
comp	comparative
conj	conjunction
det	determiner
esp	especially
exclam	assertion
fig	figurative
I	intransitive (verb)
n	substantive
nC	countable noun
nCU	countable & uncountable noun
npl	plural noun
nU	uncountable noun
neg	negative
opp	contrary
pass	passive
phr v	phrasal verb
pl	plural
prep	preposition
pron	pronoun
Scot	Scottish
sing	atypical
sup	superlative
T	transitive (verb)
U	uncountable (substantive)
usu	commonly
five	verb
six	intransitive verb
vIT	transitive & intransitive verb
vT	transitive verb

Instructions

The Word Family Framework can exist used in three chief ways, using a different office of the home page:

ane. Horizontal search for a give-and-take or word family

To encounter a word or consummate word family with their CEFR/WFF levels, put a word into the search box and then click on:

2. Vertical search for CEFR/WFF levels

To see all the words at ane or more levels, tick () all the boxes you lot require:

You can choose equally many levels as you similar, in any combination. And so click on:

3. Show all words - Download the complete WFF

To download a PDF file with the complete WFF, click on:

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